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Abu Jinn Formation
Click to display on map of the Ancient World at:
Abu Jinn Fm base reconstruction

Abu Jinn Fm


Period: 
Cretaceous

Age Interval: 
Berriasian-Valanginian


Province: 
Sudan E

Type Locality and Naming

Khartoum Basin, central Sudan. Type well is AAF-1, where it is 271 m thick.

Synonym: Abu Gin Fm (as used by Awad, 1994)

Reference: Awad (1994), A. Gibreel (2015)

[Fig. 1: Khartoum Basin is #8 on map (Fig.3 in Awad, 1994)]

[Fig. 2: Khartoum Basin stratigraphy and depositional sequences (pg. 17 in A. Gibreel, 2015)]


Lithology and Thickness

"At the type section, the Abu Gin contains predominantly grey claystones and shales interbedded with thin siltstones, sandstones, and volcanics near the top of the formation. Shales are dark grey to greenish grey and fissile. Siltstones are dark grey and moderately indurated. Sandstones occur only sporadically. They are fine- to medium-grained and are generally recovered as disaggregated grains. The grains are clear to translucent and angular in shape. Aggregates are possibly cemented by kaolinitic and argillaceous materials. In general, the whole formation becomes more tuffaceous towards the top. Unlike in the type well and in AAF-4, the top unit of the Abu Gin in AAF-2 is lithologically characterized by an upward passage from a sequence of interbedded claystone, siltstone and volcanics to a predominantly sandy sequence. This sandy sequence occurs between 1772 m (5815 ft) and 1664 m (5460 ft) depth and comprises coarsening upward argillaceous sandstones that alternate with carbonaceous claystones." (Awad, 1994)


Lithology Pattern: 
Sandy claystone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Conformably overlies the basalt of the El Azaza Fm.

Upper contact

Minor unconformity at top to the overlying Sawagir Fm, but facies change is gradual.

Regional extent

Khartoum Basin, central Sudan.


GeoJSON

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Fossils

Spores (Dictyophyllidites harrisii, Foraminisporis wonthaggiensis, Staplinisporites Caminus, Deltoidospora mesozoicus, Pilosisporites trichopapillosus, Pilosisporites verus, Trilobosporites valanjinensis, Auritulinasporites deltaformis, Contignisporites hilsei, Impardecispora apiverrucata, Impardecispora purverulenta, Ischyosporites spp., Cicatricosisporites spp.), Pollen: Inaperturopollenites orbiculatus, Calhalasporites trilobatus, Balmeiopsis limbata, Monosaccate pollen) , Fresh and brackish water alga (Celyphus rallus, Tetrastrum spp., Leisphaeridia sp., Pediastrum sp., Betryococcus sp. (Awad, 1994)


Age 

Berriasian-Valanginian according to A. Gibreel (Ministry of Petroleum and Gas, 2015); although he notes that the Abu Jinn Fm might extend into the Tithonian (poorly dated contact).

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Berriasian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.0

    Beginning date (Ma): 
143.10

    Ending stage: 
Valanginian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
132.60

Depositional setting

Anoxic fresh and/or brackish water lacustrine environment (Awad, 1994)


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

Enam O. Obiosio, Solomon Joshua Avong and Henry Nasir Suleiman (2024) - Stratigraphic Lexicon compiled from the following publications:

Awad, M.Z., 1994. Stratigraphic, Palynological and Paleoecological Studies in the East-Central Sudan (Khartoum and Kosti Basins), Late Jurassic to Mid-Tertiary. Berliner Geowiss. Abh. 161: 163 pp.

Gibreel, Ahmed (Section Head G&G Studies, Ministry of Petroleum and Gas, Republic of Sudan(, 2015. Hydrocarbon potential and resources in Sudan. [Slide presentation at UNCTAD, 17th Africa OILGASMINE, Khartoum, 23-26 Nov 2015]. https://unctad.org/system/files/non-official-document/17OILGASMINE%20Ahmed%20Gibreel%20Ahmed%20El-Amain%20S1.pdf